Etiologic factors of earlyonset periodontal disease in. But so far, it has not been determined whether gum disease is the cause of these conditions. The complement system is important in periodontal disease, as is the role it plays in. Periodontal diseases comprise a wide range of inflammatory conditions that affect the supporting structures of the teeth the gingiva, bone and periodontal ligament, which could lead to tooth. New knowledge of the pathogenesis of periodontal disease antonio bascones, md, dds, phdvjorge gamonal, dds, phdmaria gomez, phdv. Recent studies regarding down syndrome cell adhesion molecule dscam provide further evidence for increased susceptibility to bacterial and viral diseases in down syndrome. Periodontal disease is an inflammatory reaction to the bacteria in dental plaque. Oct 18, 2015 etiology and pathogenesis of periodontal disease pdf by alexandrina l. Nov 19, 2014 etiology of periodontal disease primary etiology initiating factors secondary etiology predisposing factors microbial effect host response local predisposing factor systemic predisposing factors 111111991144 oossssaammaa eellsshhaallll 1144 15.
Periodontal disease, also known as gum disease, is a set of inflammatory conditions affecting the tissues surrounding the teeth. The new global classification system for periodontal and. The bacterial etiology of destructive periodontal disease. Etiology and pathogenesis of periodontal disease represents a new concept in periodontology with its pronounced focus on understanding through knowledge rather than presenting the present valid answers. A free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on. The primary purpose of the study was to compare the oral microbiome in deep diseased and shallow healthy sites.
Gingivitis has been classified by clinical appearance eg, ulcerative, hemorrhagic, necrotizing, purulent, etiology eg, druginduced, hormonal, nutritional, infectious, plaqueinduced, and. Periodontitis pyorrhea is as result of multiplication of bacteria in the mouth. Epidemiology of periodontal diseases pocket dentistry. New platform for dental courses dentee is the most powerful dental clinic management software, born out of our. Create healthcare diagrams like this example called stages of periodontal disease in minutes with smartdraw. This executive summary focuses on part 1, periodontal diseases and conditions. Periodontal disease is the scientific name used to describe gum disease. Periodontitis is a kind of infectious disease initiated by colonization of subgingival periodontal pathogens, which cause destruction of toothsupporting tissues, and is a predominant threat to oral health as the most common cause of loss of teeth. The predictive value of a diagnostic test is expressed as a function of the prevalence of the disease i. These are characterized histologically by acute inflammation, witb a significant increase in the number of neutrophils.
Causation and pathogenesis of periodontal disease request pdf. The last 10 to 15 years have seen the emergence of several important new findings and concepts regarding the etiopathogenesis of periodontal diseases. The aim of this pilot study was to characterize the subgingival bacterial biodiversity of periodontal pockets with different probing. Frontiers the subgingival microbiome of periodontal. The biology, prevention, diagnosis and treatment of periodontal. This disease often starts with plaque, a sticky substance composed mainly of bacteria. Feb 07, 2019 periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory disease that destroys bone and gum tissues that support the teeth. The helpful bacteria are usually known as gram positive aerobic bacteria.
Periodontal disease can cause a breakdown of the periodontium resulting in loss of tissue attachment and destruction of. Among the ancient greeks, hippocrates of cos 460 bc377 bc, the father of modern medicine, discussed the function and eruption of the teeth and the etiology of periodontal disease. In its more serious form, called periodontitis, the gums can pull away from the tooth, bone can be lost, and the teeth may loosen or fall out. An ebook reader can be a software application for use on a computer such as microsofts free reader. Epidemology, etiology and prevention of periodontal disease 1. Current concepts infectious agents causing periodontal diseases complexity of the problem pathogens may result from the disease rather than the cause two or more species act together. Periodontal diseases range from simple gum inflammation to serious disease those results in major damage to the soft tissue and bone that support the teeth. Periodontal diseases are a group of inflammatory diseases in which bacteria and their byproducts are the principle etiologic agents. Connections between the diseases in the periodontium and general health are described in detail. Start studying pathogenesis of periodontal disease. Etiology of periodontal disease linkedin slideshare. Periodontal disease is a unique infection in that it is not associated with a massive bacterial invasion of the tissues. Bacteria periodontal disease is caused by plaque bacteria. Ppt periodontal instrumentation i powerpoint presentation free to download id.
If this condition is left unattended then periodontal disease, in its extremity means loss of your teeth. Smartdraw includes s of professional healthcare and anatomy chart templates that you can modify and make your own. Gingivitis is the mildest form of periodontal disease. At the next visit, the dentist checks the pocket depth to determine the effect of the scaling and root planing. Periodontal damage is almost certainly the direct consequence of colonization in the gingival sulcus by organisms within dental plaque. Recognizing whether you have periodontal disease the most certain way to find out if you have periodontal disease is to visit a dentist. Periodontal disease and diabetes what is periodontal disease.
The term infection refers to the presence and multiplication of a microorganism in body tissues. At this point, many patients do not require any further active treatment, only preventive care. Periodontal is the area around the tooth, whereas periodontitis, simply stated, is a common gum disease. Mar 27, 20 etiology of periodontal disease the clinical manifestations of periodontal disease result form a complex interplay between bacteria found in dental plaque and the host tissues. Acute periodontal conditions department of periodontics wilford hall medical center lackland afb, tx overview abscesses of the periodontium necrotizing periodontal. In its early stage, called gingivitis, the gums become swollen, red, and may bleed. New interactions between periodontal disease and other systemic disorders have been the object of research in recent years. Pathogenesis is the sequence of events leading to the occurrence of a disease. Periodontal disease or gum disease is the inflammation of the gums and the supporting structures which hold your teeth in place. Etiology and pathogenesis of periodontal diseases request pdf. Pathogenesis of periodontitis request pdf researchgate. Periodontal disease is a chronic infection of the periodontium affecting soft and mineralized tissues surrounding the teeth. This chronic condition is characterized by a complex group of inflammatory diseases affecting the periodontium, or the tissues that surround and support the teeth.
Periodontal disease is a collective term for a number of plaqueinduced inflammatory lesions that affect the periodontium. In periodontology, the pathogenesis of gingivitis and periodontitis are related but tend to be described separately, and although the clinical and histological changes that occur are well known, the details of. If the dentist suspects that you may have periodontal disease, xrays of your teeth may be taken to check the health of the bone that holds the teeth in place. Periodontal disease is a complex, multifactorial disease that occurs in periodontal tissue 8, and most studies on the causes of periodontal diseases have mainly focused on the dominant bacteria.
When gums are healthy, they continue to fit snugly around the teeth. Affiliations graduate program in life sciences, molecular microbiology. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. Pdf the diagnosis of periodontal disease in private practice. The first is called gingivitis, which is mild inflammation of the gums. It may form on teeth, mucosa or other solid surfaces. Etiology of periodontal diseases linkedin slideshare. Brush, clean between your teeth, eat a balanced diet, avoid tobacco and schedule regular. Although it is not possible to attribute the etiology of periodonta l diseases to a specific bacteria agent, there. Periodontal diseases range from simple gum inflammation to serious disease those results in major damage to. Nonsurgical treatment of inflammatory periodontal disease nonsurgical treatment of inflammatory periodontal disease control local etiology the complete removal of soft and hard deposits. It causes the gums to become red, swollen, and bleed easily.
Within 2 to 4 days of the accumulation of dental plaque, the initial lesion may occur kinane, 2001. The present study compared the prevalence of periodontal disease in patients using as a diagnostic either probing. Nonsurgical chemotherapeutic treatment strategies for the. Characteristics of periodontal disease chapter 4 quizlet. Pathogenesis of periodontal disease flashcards quizlet. When the inflammation is simply in the gums it is called gingivitis, but once it involves the underlying supporting tissues it is called periodontitis. New knowledge of the pathogenesis of periodontal disease.
Periodontal disease is a common dental disorder that most people are unaware that they have. The other, more serious, form of gum disease is called. We examined the subgingival bacterial biodiversity in untreated chronic periodontitis patients by sequencing 16s rrna genes. Jan 18, 2018 gingivitis is an inflammatory process limited to the mucosal epithelial tissue surrounding the cervical portion of the teeth and the alveolar processes. Epidemiology and diagnosis of periodontal diseases. Our new crystalgraphics chart and diagram slides for powerpoint is a collection of over impressively designed datadriven chart and editable diagram s guaranteed to impress any audience. Etiology of periodontal disease primary etiology initiating factors secondary etiology. Etiology and pathogenesis of periodontal disease pdf by alexandrina l. Cabanilla united states of america chapter 6 periodontal disease risk management. Etiology of periodontal diseases my dental hygiene education. The two most prevalent and most investigated periodontal diseases are dental plaqueinduced gingivitis and chronic periodontitis. Destructive periodontal disease columbia university. When patients are first diagnosed with it, they often ask dr.
Teeth are supported by the gums, or gingiva and bone. He believed that inflammation of the gums could be caused by accumulations of pituita or calculus, with gingival hemorrhage occurring in cases of persistent splenic maladies. Inflammatory processes can underlie the etiology of several pathological conditions ranging from metabolic to infectious diseases. An ebook reader can be a software application for use on a computer such as microsofts free reader application, or a booksized computer this is used solely as a reading device such as nuvomedias rocket ebook.
These deposits can be readily visualised with vegetable or synthetic dyes in disclosing solutions, and can become calci. Recent studies have found that patients with periodontal disease have a 1. Start studying characteristics of periodontal disease chapter 4. Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory disease that destroys bone and gum tissues that support the teeth. Dumitrescu etiology and pathogenesis of periodontal disease represents a new concept in periodontology with its pronounced focus on understanding through knowledge rather than presenting the present valid answers. Periodontal disease progression is associated with subgingival bacterial colonization and biofilm formation that provokes chronic inflammation of soft tissues, degradation of collagen fibers supporting the tooth to the gingiva and alveolar bone, as well as. He believed that inflammation of the gums could be caused by accumulations of pituita or calculus, with gingival hemorrhage occurring in cases of persistent. A tooths root is anchored to the bone within its socket by fibers called periodontal ligaments. The disease progression model points to a periodic or episodic phenomenon, with periods of quiescence, when neither periodontal destruction occurs nor periods of exacerbation and destruction of the periodontal structures. Periodontitis, a chronic oral infectious disease, appears to occur as a result of a dysregulated host immune response elicited by subgingival microorganisms occurring in the dental biofilm. Oral microbiome of deep and shallow dental pockets in. Periodontal disease and its systemic associated diseases. Lee 4 microbiota associated with periodontal health, gingivitis, and advanced periodontal disease 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% healthy supragingival gingivitis crevicluar gramnegative rods grampositive rods gramnegative cocci grampositive cocci development of dental plaque biofilm.
Ppt acute periodontal conditions powerpoint presentation. Plaque is the principal etiological factor in most all forms of periodontal disease. A secondary purpose was to evaluate the influences of smoking, race and dental caries on this relationship. Gingivitis is an inflammatory process limited to the mucosal epithelial tissue surrounding the cervical portion of the teeth and the alveolar processes. The classification system is presented in two parts. Program, national heart, lung, and blood institute. In its more serious form, called periodontitis, the gums can pull away from the tooth, bone can be lost, and the teeth may loosen or. Nonsurgical chemotherapeutic treatment strategies for the management of periodontal diseases. Periodontal disease pd is one of the most ubiquitous diseases of mankind, considered to be the second most common dental disease worldwide, after dental decay. Periodontal disease is a bacterial infection of the periodontium and that bacteria are the primary etiology agents in periodontal disease. Etiology of periodontal disease the clinical manifestations of periodontal disease result form a complex interplay between bacteria found in dental plaque and the host tissues.
Considering that the primary etiology of the disease is the bacteria in plaque and their. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. The bacteria that cause periodontal disease thrive in acidic environments. Many adults, however, develop some type of periodontal, or gum, diseasean infection of the tissues that support their teeth.
Etiological factors in periodontal disease are classified into two broad categories, depending on their specific origin. Part 1, periodontal diseases and conditions and part 2, periimplant diseases and conditions. If the periodontal pockets are deep and the supporting bone is lost. If you use tobacco, ask your dentist or physician for information about how to successfully stop the habit. Lee 2 dental plaque biofilm infection ecological point of view ecological community evolved for survival as a whole complex community of more than 400 bacterial species dynamic equilibrium between bacteria and a host defense adopted survival strategies favoring growth in plaque selection of pathogenic bacteria among. The present study compared the prevalence of periodontal disease in patients using as a.
Periodontal disease pd is one of the most ubiquitous diseases of mankind. Periodontal disease affects many americans and is the major cause of adult tooth loss. Chart and diagram slides for powerpoint beautifully designed chart and diagram s for powerpoint with visually stunning graphics and animation effects. Other studies showed that women with gum disease were more likely than those with healthy gums to deliver preterm, low birth weight babies. There are three subsections related to periodontal diseases summarized in table 1. Recent evidence indicates that we need to change how we think about the etiology and pathogenesis of periodontal disease. You dont have to lose teeth to periodontal diseases. The host immune response towards periodontal pathogens helps to sustain periodontal disease and eventual alveolar bone loss. Tobacco contains chemicals that can slow the healing process. Volume71 number 5 may2000supplement journal of periodontology contents parameters of care.